In this linear shaker, grains in the ampoule seen at the back on the leading rail can be accelerated by 0 – 8g thus mimicking the triboelectric charging process the grains experience in anything from wind-free conditions to a sand storm. Light from the electric discharges is collected on the fly by a liquid core light guide attached to the ampoule carriage and sent to the spectrometer equipped with CCD array detector shown to the left of the figure.
