Work packages

This WP tests the generalisability of cultivation techniques a varieties from WP1 to determine the effect of locatoin and soil type on yield and quality. Three varieties of lupin and soybeans will be grown at 4-5 locations to measure the effect of four optimised cultivation techniques.

WP lead:

Marian D. Thorsted (SEGES)

WP3 focuses on measuring the nutritional and antinutritional components in raw lupin and soybean grains from WP1 and WP2 to help identify the best varieties for food. We will measure protein and oil content using standard methods. The ratio between 7S and 11S storage proteins is important for processing, especially tofu production, so this will be measured using separation methods. Promising varieties will also be analyzed for their amino acid and protein composition. For lupin, we will use LC-MS/MS to measure 6 key alkaloids, and furthermore, quantify antinutrients like phytate and lectins in both lupin and soybeans. Finally, the quality of Danish lupin and soybean grains will be compared (benchmarked) against the raw materials currently used by the food producers involved in the project.

The work will be performed by Business Academy Aarhus, AU food, and Erhvervsakademi MidtVest.

WP4 looks at how well selected lupin and soybean varieties from WP1 and WP2 perform during processing. First, we will test how the raw materials behave when milled and air-classified to concentrate the protein. These protein-rich fractions will be checked for physical properties like water-holding capacity, foaming, and stability, and their nutritional content will be analyzed in WP3. Starting in 2027, extrusion tests will be carried out on a larger scale. Finally, the food producers in the project will try out real-life processing and replace imported lupin/soy with Danish produced lupin/soy.

The work will be performed by Business Academy Aarhus and Technological Institute.

WP5 assesses the climate and environmental footprint of Danish vs. imported lupin and soybean for food production. It quantifies biological N fixation (¹⁵N isotopic dilution), N losses from living plants (split-root method), and soil C input (¹³CO₂ tracing). Two N₂O measurement campaigns will track emissions during the legume phase and residue incorporation. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) will calculate carbon footprints, integrating data from WP1-5 on cropping, raw material quality, processing, and nutrient cycling. Results will be benchmarked against current LCAs to identify emission hotspots.