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Distinct Network Morphologies from In Situ Polymerization of Microtubules in Giant Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles

Creating artificial cells with a dynamic cytoskeleton, akin to those in living cells, is a major goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this study, we demonstrate the in situ polymerization of microtubules encapsulated in giant polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles (GHVs) composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The block copolymer is comprised of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate) as the hydrophobic block and either poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) or poly(carboxyethyl acrylate) as the hydrophilic extension. Depending on the concentrations of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or its slowly hydrolyzable analog, guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (GMPCPP), different microtubule morphologies are observed, including encapsulated microtubule networks, spike protrusions, as well as membrane-associated or aggregated microtubules. Overall, this work represents a step forward in mimicking the cellular cytoskeletons and uncovering the influence of membrane composition on microtubule morphologies.

Recent publications by network

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Bonnet, G., Hirsch, C., Rosen, D. & Willhalm, D. (2023). Limit theory of sparse random geometric graphs in high dimensions. Stochastic Processes and Their Applications, 163, 203-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spa.2023.06.002

Zhang, D., Huang, M., Klausen, L. H., Li, Q., Li, S. & Dong, M. (2023). Liquid-Phase Friction of Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Disulfide at the Atomic Scale. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 15(17), 21595-21601. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c00221

Nielsen, K. H. (2023). Magisk tænkning. Weekendavisen, Sektion 4 (Ideer), 5.

Kristensen, M. M., Løvschall, K. B. & Zelikin, A. N. (2023). Mechanisms of Degradation for Polydisulfides: Main Chain Scission, Self-Immolation, Or Chain Transfer Depolymerization. ACS Macro Letters, 12(7), 955-960. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00345

Klein, V. J., Brito, L. F., Perez-Garcia, F., Brautaset, T. & Irla, M. (2023). Metabolic engineering of thermophilic Bacillus methanolicus for riboflavin overproduction from methanol. Microbial Biotechnology, 16(5), 1011-1026. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.14239

Terlouw, B. R., Blin, K., Navarro-Muñoz, J. C., Avalon, N. E., Chevrette, M. G., Egbert, S., Lee, S., Meijer, D., Recchia, M. J. J., Reitz, ZL., van Santen, JA., Selem-Mojica, N., Tørring, T., Zaroubi, L., Alanjary, M., Aleti, G., Aguilar, C., Al-Salihi, S. A. A., Augustijn, HE. ... Medema, MH. (2023). MIBiG 3.0: a community-driven effort to annotate experimentally validated biosynthetic gene clusters. Nucleic Acids Research, 51(D1), D603-D610. Article gkac1049. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac1049

de Dios Andres, P. & Städler, B. (2023). Micromotor-Assisted Keratinocytes Migration in a Floating Paper Chip. Small, 19(13), Article 2201251. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202201251

Heiland, M., Connolly, N. M. C., Mamad, O., Nguyen, N. T., Kesavan, J. C., Langa, E., Fanning, K., Sanfeliu, A., Yan, Y., Su, J., Venø, M. T., Costard, L. S., Neubert, V., Engel, T., Hill, T. D. M., Freiman, T. M., Mahesh, A., Tiwari, V. K., Rosenow, F. ... Henshall, D. C. (2023). MicroRNA-335-5p suppresses voltage-gated sodium channel expression and may be a target for seizure control. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 120(30), e2216658120. Article e2216658120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2216658120

Nielsen, K. H. (2023). Misinformation om løgne. Weekendavisen, Sektion 4 (Ideer), 5.

Pelizzola, M., Laursen, R. & Hobolth, A. (2023). Model selection and robust inference of mutational signatures using Negative Binomial non-negative matrix factorization. BMC Bioinformatics, 24(1), Article 187. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-023-05304-1

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