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Distinct Network Morphologies from In Situ Polymerization of Microtubules in Giant Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles

Creating artificial cells with a dynamic cytoskeleton, akin to those in living cells, is a major goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this study, we demonstrate the in situ polymerization of microtubules encapsulated in giant polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles (GHVs) composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The block copolymer is comprised of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate) as the hydrophobic block and either poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) or poly(carboxyethyl acrylate) as the hydrophilic extension. Depending on the concentrations of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or its slowly hydrolyzable analog, guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (GMPCPP), different microtubule morphologies are observed, including encapsulated microtubule networks, spike protrusions, as well as membrane-associated or aggregated microtubules. Overall, this work represents a step forward in mimicking the cellular cytoskeletons and uncovering the influence of membrane composition on microtubule morphologies.

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Hobolth, A. & Jeff, T. (2014). Sampling and summary statistics of endpoint-conditioned paths in DNA sequence evolution. In M.-H. Chen, L. Kuo & P. O. Lewis (Eds.), Bayesian Phylogenetics: Methods, Algorithms, and Applications (1 ed., Vol. 1). CRC Press.

Sükösd, Z., Andersen, E. S. & Lyngsø, R. (2014). SCFGs in RNA secondary structure prediction: a hands-on approach. Methods in Molecular Biology, 1097, 143-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-709-9__8, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-709-9_8

Kjærgaard, R. S. & Andersen, E. S. (2014). Seeing Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Common Killer Bacteria. In K. Ng, J. P. Bowen & S. McDaid (Eds.), EVA London 2014 : Electronic Visualisation and the Arts (pp. 319-323) http://shop.bcs.org/display.asp?K=9781780172859#

Bredehorst, R., Grunwald, T., Ollert, M. W., Schmidt-Weber, C. & Spillner, E. (2014). Selective local inhibition of TNFR1-mediated functions at the site of antigen/allergen presentation.

Liu, L., Besenbacher, F. & Dong, MD. (2014). Self-Assembly of DNA Bases via Hydrogen Bonding Studied by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. In J. Kjems, E. Ferapontova & K. V. Gothelf (Eds.), Nucleic Acid Nanotechnology (pp. 3-21). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38815-6_1

Ulstrup, S., Andersen, M., Bianchi, M., Barreto, L., Hammer, B., Hornekær, L. & Hofmann, P. (2014). Sequential Oxygen and Alkali Intercalation of Epitaxial Graphene on Ir(111): Enhanced Many-Body Effects and Formation of pn-interfaces. 2D materials, 1, Article 025002.

Kronqvist, N., Otikovs, M., Chmyrov, V., Chen, G., Andersson, M., Nordling, K., Landreh, M., Sarr, M., Jörnvall, H., Wennmalm, S., Widengren, J., Meng, Q., Rising, A., Otzen, D., Knight, S. D., Jaudzems, K. & Johansson, J. (2014). Sequential pH-driven dimerization and stabilization of the N-terminal domain enables rapid spider silk formation. Nature Communications, 5, Article 3254. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4254

Tørring, T., Helmig, S. W., Ogilby, P. R. & Gothelf, K. V. (2014). Singlet Oxygen in DNA Nanotechnology. Accounts of Chemical Research, 47(6), 1799-1806. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar500034y

Miclaus, T., Bochenkov, V., Ogaki, R., Howard, K. & Sutherland, D. S. (2014). Spatial Mapping and Quantification of Soft and Hard Protein Coronas at Silver Nanocubes. Nano Letters, 14(4), 2086-2093. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl500277c

Nawroth, I., Mueller, F., Basyuk, E., Beerens, N., Rahbek, U. L., Darzacq, X., Bertrand, E., Kjems, J. & Schmidt, U. (2014). Stable assembly of HIV-1 export complexes occurs cotranscriptionally. RNA, 20(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.038182.113

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