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Distinct Network Morphologies from In Situ Polymerization of Microtubules in Giant Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles

Creating artificial cells with a dynamic cytoskeleton, akin to those in living cells, is a major goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this study, we demonstrate the in situ polymerization of microtubules encapsulated in giant polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles (GHVs) composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The block copolymer is comprised of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate) as the hydrophobic block and either poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) or poly(carboxyethyl acrylate) as the hydrophilic extension. Depending on the concentrations of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or its slowly hydrolyzable analog, guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (GMPCPP), different microtubule morphologies are observed, including encapsulated microtubule networks, spike protrusions, as well as membrane-associated or aggregated microtubules. Overall, this work represents a step forward in mimicking the cellular cytoskeletons and uncovering the influence of membrane composition on microtubule morphologies.

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Costard, L. S., Neubert, V., Venø, M. T., Su, J., Kjems, J., Connolly, N. M. C., Prehn, J. H. M., Schratt, G., Henshall, D. C., Rosenow, F. & Bauer, S. (2019). Electrical stimulation of the ventral hippocampal commissure delays experimental epilepsy and is associated with altered microRNA expression. Brain Stimulation, 12(6), 1390-1401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2019.06.009

Jin, L., Ye, J., Wang, Y., Qian, X. & Dong, M. (2019). Electrospinning Synthesis of ZIF-67/PAN Fibrous Membrane with High-capacity Adsorption for Malachite Green. Fibers and Polymers, 20(10), 2070-2077. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-019-1196-7

Li, T. L., Wang, Z., You, H., Ong, Q., Varanasi, V. J., Dong, M., Lu, B., Paşca, S. P. & Cui, B. (2019). Engineering a Genetically Encoded Magnetic Protein Crystal. Nano Letters, 19(10), 6955-6963. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02266

Su, C., Tripathi, M., Yan, Q. B., Wang, Z., Zhang, Z., Hofer, C., Wang, H., Basile, L., Su, G., Dong, M., Meyer, J. C., Kotakoski, J., Kong, J., Idrobo, J. C., Susi, T. & Li, J. (2019). Engineering single-atom dynamics with electron irradiation. Science Advances, 5(5), Article eaav2252. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav2252

Klein, W. P., Thomsen, R. P., Turner, K. B., Walper, S. A., Vranish, J., Kjems, J., Ancona, M. G. & Medintz, I. L. (2019). Enhanced Catalysis from Multienzyme Cascades Assembled on a DNA Origami Triangle. ACS Nano, 13(12), 13677-13689. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b05746

Wang, J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, H., Li, C., Chen, M., Liu, L. & Dong, M. (2019). Enhanced Photoresponsive Graphene Oxide-Modified g-C ₃ N ₄ for Disassembly of Amyloid β Fibrils. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 11(1), 96-103. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b10343

Neumann, M., Hirsch, C., Staněk, J., Beneš, V. & Schmidt, V. (2019). Estimation of geodesic tortuosity and constrictivity in stationary random closed sets. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 46(3), 848-884. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjos.12375

Nielsen, K. H. (2019). Europa. Weekendavisen, Sektion 4 (Ideer), 10.

Leunbach, R. N. & Nielsen, K. H. (2019). Exploring the Dialogical Space of Hybrid Forums: The “Predictably Unpredictable” Case of Radioactive Waste Management in Denmark, 2003-2018. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 39(1-2), 4-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0270467620932831

Walther, R., Olesen, M. T. J. & Zelikin, A. N. (2019). Extended scaffold glucuronides: en route to the universal synthesis of O-aryl glucuronide prodrugs. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 17(29), 6970-6974. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ob01384a

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