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Distinct Network Morphologies from In Situ Polymerization of Microtubules in Giant Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles

Creating artificial cells with a dynamic cytoskeleton, akin to those in living cells, is a major goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this study, we demonstrate the in situ polymerization of microtubules encapsulated in giant polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles (GHVs) composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The block copolymer is comprised of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate) as the hydrophobic block and either poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) or poly(carboxyethyl acrylate) as the hydrophilic extension. Depending on the concentrations of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or its slowly hydrolyzable analog, guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (GMPCPP), different microtubule morphologies are observed, including encapsulated microtubule networks, spike protrusions, as well as membrane-associated or aggregated microtubules. Overall, this work represents a step forward in mimicking the cellular cytoskeletons and uncovering the influence of membrane composition on microtubule morphologies.

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Hajipour, M. J., Mohammad-Beigi, H., Nabipour, I., Mahmoudi, N., Azhdarzadeh, M., Derakhshankhah, H., El Dawud, D., Mohammadinejad, R. & Otzen, D. (2020). Amyloid fibril inhibition, acceleration, or fragmentation: Are nano-based approaches advance in the right direction? Nano Today, 35(December), Article 100983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100983

Sawada, M., Yamaguchi, K., Hirano, M., Noji, M., So, M., Otzen, D. E., Kawata, Y. & Goto, Y. (2020). Amyloid formation of α-synuclein based on the solubility- and supersaturation-dependent mechanism. Langmuir, 36(17), 4671-4681. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00426

Rheinbay, E., Nielsen, M. M., Abascal, F., Wala, J. A., Shapira, O., Tiao, G., Hornshøj, H., Hess, J. M., Juul, R. I., Lin, Z., Feuerbach, L., Sabarinathan, R., Madsen, T., Kim, J., Mularoni, L., Shuai, S., Lanzós, A., Herrmann, C., Maruvka, Y. E. ... PCAWG Consortium (2020). Analyses of non-coding somatic drivers in 2,658 cancer whole genomes. Nature, 578(7793), 102-111. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1965-x

Wang, Y., zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Su, Y., Wang, Z., Dong, MD. & Chen, M. (2020). An Injectable High-conductive Bimaterial Scaffold for Neural Stimulation. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 195, Article 111210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111210

Kang, S., Fang, Z., He, M., Chen, M., Gao, Y., Sun, D., Liu, Y., Chen, M., Dong, M., Liu, P. & Cui, L. (2020). An instant, biocompatible and biodegradable high-performance graphitic carbon nitride. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 563, 336-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.021

Zelikin, A. N. & Städler, B. (2020). Artificial Biology: Molecular Design and Cell Mimicry. Small, 16(27), Article 2003442. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202003442

Venø, M. T., Reschke, C. R., Morris, G., Connolly, N. M. C., Su, J., Yan, Y., Engel, T., Jimenez-Mateos, E. M., Harder, L. M., Pultz, D., Haunsberger, S. J., Pal, A., Heller, J. P., Campbell, A., Langa, E., Brennan, G. P., Conboy, K., Richardson, A., Norwood, B. A. ... Henshall, D. C. (2020). A systems approach delivers a functional microRNA catalog and expanded targets for seizure suppression in temporal lobe epilepsy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 117(27), 15977-15988. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919313117

Jia, Y., Xiong, X., Wang, D., Duan, X., Sun, K., Li, Y., Zheng, L., Lin, W., Dong, M., Zhang, G., Liu, W. & Sun, X. (2020). Atomically Dispersed Fe-N₄ Modified with Precisely Located S for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction. Nano-Micro Letters, 12(1), Article 116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00456-8

Hobolth, A., Guo, Q., Kousholt, A. & Jensen, J. L. (2020). A Unifying Framework and Comparison of Algorithms for Non-negative Matrix Factorisation. International Statistical Review, 88(1), 29-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/insr.12331

Nielsen, B. S., Møller, T. & Kjems, J. (2020). Automated One-Double-Z Pair BaseScope™ for CircRNA In Situ Hybridization. In B. Schnack Nielsen & J. Jones (Eds.), In Situ Hybridization Protocols (pp. 379-388). Humana Press, Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0623-0_24

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