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Distinct Network Morphologies from In Situ Polymerization of Microtubules in Giant Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles

Creating artificial cells with a dynamic cytoskeleton, akin to those in living cells, is a major goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this study, we demonstrate the in situ polymerization of microtubules encapsulated in giant polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles (GHVs) composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The block copolymer is comprised of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate) as the hydrophobic block and either poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) or poly(carboxyethyl acrylate) as the hydrophilic extension. Depending on the concentrations of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or its slowly hydrolyzable analog, guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (GMPCPP), different microtubule morphologies are observed, including encapsulated microtubule networks, spike protrusions, as well as membrane-associated or aggregated microtubules. Overall, this work represents a step forward in mimicking the cellular cytoskeletons and uncovering the influence of membrane composition on microtubule morphologies.

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Javed, I., Zhang, Z., Adamcik, J., Andrikopoulos, N., Li, Y., Otzen, D. E., Lin, S., Mezzenga, R., Davis, T. P., Ding, F. & Ke, P. C. (2020). Accelerated Amyloid Beta Pathogenesis by Bacterial Amyloid FapC. Advanced Science, 7(18), Article 2001299. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202001299

Stoll, L., Rodríguez-Trejo, A., Guay, C., Brozzi, F., Bayazit, M. B., Gattesco, S., Menoud, V., Sobel, J., Marques, A. C., Venø, M. T., Esguerra, J. L. S., Barghouth, M., Suleiman, M., Marselli, L., Kjems, J., Eliasson, L., Renström, E., Bouzakri, K., Pinget, M. ... Regazzi, R. (2020). A circular RNA generated from an intron of the insulin gene controls insulin secretion. Nature Communications, 11, Article 5611. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19381-w

Pedersen, J. N., Lyngsø, J., Zinn, T., Otzen, D. & Pedersen, J. S. (2020). A complete picture of protein unfolding and refolding in surfactants. Chemical Science, 11(3), 699-712. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SC04831F

Das Mahapatra, K., Pasquali, L., Søndergaard, J. N., Lapins, J., Nemeth, I. B., Baltás, E., Kemény, L., Homey, B., Moldovan, L. I., Kjems, J., Kutter, C., Sonkoly, E., Kristensen, L. S. & Pivarcsi, A. (2020). A comprehensive analysis of coding and non-coding transcriptomic changes in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 3637. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59660-6

Su, Y., Zhang, Z., Wan, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Klausen, L. H., Huang, P., Dong, MD., Han, X., Cui, B. & Chen, M. (2020). A hierarchically ordered compacted coil scaffold for tissue regeneration. NPG Asia Materials, 12(1), Article 55. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41427-020-0234-7

Zhu, T., Liang, Y., Zhang, C., Wang, Z., Dong, M., Wang, C., Yang, M., Goto, T., Tu, R. & Zhang, S. (2020). A high-throughput synthesis of large-sized single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride on a Cu-Ni gradient enclosure. RSC Advances, 10(27), 16088-16093. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00734j

Pilati, D. & Howard, K. (2020). Albumin-based drug designs for pharmacokinetic modulation. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology, 16(9), 783-795. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425255.2020.1801633

Cai, Y., Lou, C., Wengel, J. & Howard, K. A. (2020). Albumin-Binding Fatty Acid-Modified Gapmer Antisense Oligonucleotides for Modulation of Pharmacokinetics. In T. Yokota & R. Maruyama (Eds.), Gapmers : Methods and Protocols (pp. 163-174). Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0771-8_12

Jørgensen, M. L., Müller, C. A., Nøddesbo, M. S. K., Nadzieja, M., Zhang, Z., Su, Y., Just, J., Spindler, K.-L. G. & Chen, M. (2020). A Melt-electrowritten Filter for Capture and Culture of Circulating Colon Cancer Cells. Materials Today Bio, 6, Article 100052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100052

Pedersen, B. H., Malte, H., Ramløv, H. & Finster, K. (2020). A method for studying the metabolic activity of individual tardigrades by measuring oxygen uptake using microrespirometry. Journal of Experimental Biology, 223(22), Article jeb233072. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.233072

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