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Recent research news on Artificial Biology


Distinct Network Morphologies from In Situ Polymerization of Microtubules in Giant Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Vesicles

Creating artificial cells with a dynamic cytoskeleton, akin to those in living cells, is a major goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this study, we demonstrate the in situ polymerization of microtubules encapsulated in giant polymer-lipid hybrid vesicles (GHVs) composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The block copolymer is comprised of poly(cholesteryl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate) as the hydrophobic block and either poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) or poly(carboxyethyl acrylate) as the hydrophilic extension. Depending on the concentrations of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) or its slowly hydrolyzable analog, guanosine-5′-[(α,β)-methyleno]triphosphate (GMPCPP), different microtubule morphologies are observed, including encapsulated microtubule networks, spike protrusions, as well as membrane-associated or aggregated microtubules. Overall, this work represents a step forward in mimicking the cellular cytoskeletons and uncovering the influence of membrane composition on microtubule morphologies.

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Zhu, T., Liang, Y., Zhang, C., Wang, Z., Dong, M., Wang, C., Yang, M., Goto, T., Tu, R. & Zhang, S. (2020). A high-throughput synthesis of large-sized single-crystal hexagonal boron nitride on a Cu-Ni gradient enclosure. RSC Advances, 10(27), 16088-16093. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00734j
Cai, Y., Lou, C., Wengel, J. & Howard, K. A. (2020). Albumin-Binding Fatty Acid-Modified Gapmer Antisense Oligonucleotides for Modulation of Pharmacokinetics. In T. Yokota & R. Maruyama (Eds.), Gapmers : Methods and Protocols (pp. 163-174). Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0771-8_12
Hajipour, M. J., Mohammad-Beigi, H., Nabipour, I., Mahmoudi, N., Azhdarzadeh, M., Derakhshankhah, H., El Dawud, D., Mohammadinejad, R. & Otzen, D. (2020). Amyloid fibril inhibition, acceleration, or fragmentation: Are nano-based approaches advance in the right direction? Nano Today, 35(December), Article 100983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100983
Sawada, M., Yamaguchi, K., Hirano, M., Noji, M., So, M., Otzen, D. E., Kawata, Y. & Goto, Y. (2020). Amyloid formation of α-synuclein based on the solubility- and supersaturation-dependent mechanism. Langmuir, 36(17), 4671-4681. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00426
Rheinbay, E., Nielsen, M. M., Abascal, F., Wala, J. A., Shapira, O., Tiao, G., Hornshøj, H., Hess, J. M., Juul, R. I., Lin, Z., Feuerbach, L., Sabarinathan, R., Madsen, T., Kim, J., Mularoni, L., Shuai, S., Lanzós, A., Herrmann, C., Maruvka, Y. E. ... PCAWG Consortium (2020). Analyses of non-coding somatic drivers in 2,658 cancer whole genomes. Nature, 578(7793), 102-111. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1965-x
Kang, S., Fang, Z., He, M., Chen, M., Gao, Y., Sun, D., Liu, Y., Chen, M., Dong, M., Liu, P. & Cui, L. (2020). An instant, biocompatible and biodegradable high-performance graphitic carbon nitride. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 563, 336-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.021